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Type of Document Dissertation Author Schoenharl, Timothy Author's Email Address tschoenh@nd.edu URN etd-07202007-151629 Title Creating, Updating and Validating Simulations in a Dynamic, Data-Driven Application System Degree Doctor of Philosophy Department Computer Science and Engineering Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title Greg Madey Committee Chair Keywords
- online validation
- agent-based modeling
- simulation
Date of Defense 2007-06-05 Availability unrestricted Abstract This work addresses research questions important to the Dynamic, Data-Driven Application Systems (DDDAS) community: specifically how to create,
update and validate simulations instantiated from streaming sensor data. The
use of Agent-Based Modeling simulations in an online context presents several
challenges: simulations must demonstrate good runtime characteristics, yet in order
to fit in our validation framework, the simulations must be modular and allow
for alternative models of human behavior. We present a simulation of pedestrian
movement we have developed according to our revised simulation design criteria,
built using techniques from Design Patterns and Pattern Oriented Modeling.
We present a thorough evaluation of the simulation in terms of model validation,
simulation design and runtime characteristics. We present and evaluate methods
for online validation of Agent-Based Models (ABM). We introduce an aggregate
method for online creation and updating of ABM simulations and evaluate the
approach against alternatives. We have developed answers to these questions
through the design and implementation of a DDDAS application, the WIPER
system. The Wireless Integrated Phone-based Emergency Response system is designed
to provide emergency responders with timely information on the status of a city or region, as well as the capability to detect, follow and possibly predict crisis
events. WIPER uses the DDDAS approach to process streaming information from
a cellular phone service provider to detect and predict crisis events.
We demonstrate that real time simulation of pedestrian crowds is possible with
our Agent-Based Modeling simulation and present upper bounds on the population
size that can be simulated in real time. We show that for certain validation
measures, our validation approach yields 100% accuracy at selecting model type
based on simulation output. The results of our updating approach demonstrates
that aggregate updating is competitive with one-to-one agent-to-referent reparameterization
under certain conditions.
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